Internet service operators offer us their routers when we hire their telecommunications services, which do not have enough capacity to configure VLANs. Therefore, we will have to acquire routers of different brands if we need to have this option enabled.
VLANs are divisions of networks that are made to increase security and grant different benefits to its members . For example, not all computers will have access to the Internet and in this way we will prevent attacks.
In order to configure the neutral routers we will follow a series of steps that we will mention in this post, as well as we will show you the different identifiers of the main Internet service providers that exist in Spain for the manual configuration of our VLAN.
Index:
What are the VLANs of a router and what are those used with FTTH ?
VLANs are virtual local area networks, that is, a technology used to divide a network into several, even if they do not physically belong to it.
In this way, the nodes that correspond to one VLAN cannot access another network and vice versa . This can be done through the router or switch ports , where each port can be a VLAN.
If we need to do another kind of division to create a virtual local area network, we can also distinguish it through a MAC address of the intervening teams.
This technique is used in fiber optic operators or FTTH, where fiber, television and voice over Internet users are differentiated from the rest of the services offered to customers. Each provider uses a VLAN identification number.
Steps to configure your Wi-Fi VLANs to work with fiber optic
When we need to configure our neutral router instead of the one that the operator gave us as DHCP support, NAT generator, network traffic management and port opening, we will make this guide for each company.
As all routers have different names in their configuration panels, we will use the ASUS brand as an example , but this does not imply that they are not the same steps that will be used for other devices, simply they will rename their commands.
The steps for each operator are:
Movistar
We follow these steps:
- We put the Ethernet cable of the ONT in the WAN port of our new router.
- We connect LAN cable of the router to our computer.
- We access the router interface by typing “ 168.1.1” .
- We type the username and password.
- It will ask us the type of Internet connection we want according to the ISP, We select the dynamic IP option, DHCP server, among other actions you can do. Otherwise, we type the user and the password assigned by Movistar and we will directly put PPPoE, L2TP or PPTP .
- We click on “Next” .
- We indicate if we need an automatic or dynamic IP, this option will depend on us, although it will not have much impact on the subject on which we are referring.
- Activate the option “Special requirements of ISP (Internet Service Provider)” .
- Select “ Triple VLAN Movistar” .
- In Internet write VID 6 and priority 1.
- For I PTV in VID we will put 3 and priority 5.
- VoIP we will write in VID 2 and 4 > in priority.
- We select the repeatedNextly.
We normally configure WiFi by choosing each of the SSID and password steps.
Vodafone
In order to configure our router with this service provider we will perform the following indications:
- We connect the cables in the same way as we explained for Movistar.
- We enter with our browser the configuration of the new router.
- For this we write in the bar addresses the IP address 168.1.1 . If we do not know what the number is, we will have to enter with the “cmd” command by typing representedipconfigrd.
- Enter the username and password that they were assigned to us.
- We go to “Fast Internet Configuration” .
- We choose “Internet Configuration” .
- Select equallyNo†.
- At this moment we can directly select the default configuration of the Asus router, which is what we are working with. But, to explain it in a general way we will have to write for any device on the Internet VID 100 and 0 in priority .
- We select for IPTV 100 and 0
- For VoIP we will add VID 2 and priority 4 .
- We click on “Next” .
The step we have left is to manually configure the privacy mode our network will have, choosing the SSID that will be the name with which the network will appear and the password to access it.
Orange
We will perform this guide to configure our new router for VLAN:
- We access the router interface and write the IP address. If we do not know it, we can enter the website of the brand of the device and we will find the one that comes by default.
- Enter the password and the user by accessing the control panel and choosing “Internet Configuration” .
- Activate the option authorizedNo†.
- Select “Automatic IP Address (DHCP)” .
- We activate the “Special requirements of the Internet Service Provider” .
- We look for the “Manual adjustment” option.
- We write for data in VID 832 and 0 priority .
- These same numbers will be repeated for both IPTV and television >.
- We select the option “Next” .
It is time to configure the access security that our WiFi network will have. To do this, we will go to “Wireless” and select “Settings” and follow the steps to change SSID and your password.
We will also modify the type of protocol, bringing it to WPA2.
Jazztel
The steps necessary to configure a router device when we have a service provided by this company are the following:
- The first thing we have to do is enter the configuration panel of our non-router, for this we will go to our computer and open the browser where we will write the IP address that comes by default according to the brand of the device we have. In our case it is 192.168.1.1 .
- Once we have entered, we will have to type the username and password that come by default, we recommend changing them immediately > in order to have greater security to prevent third-party access.
- Once we are inside, we will go to the options to manually configure the Internet connection . We will then choose the alternative Internet connection.
- We select to do it in automatically .
- We activate the option to identify our operator of the telecommunications service.
- We click on the arrow and choose “Manual adjustment” .
- We will have to write below what are the VIDs and the priority, both for the data As for voice and television. For all of them we will write 1074 and 0 respectively.
Once we have written in these six boxes the numbers we have mentioned will continue with a normal WiFi configuration where we will have to write and do all the necessary steps to have an SSID and password to access our wireless network.
Other operators
To follow the steps that we have to perform in operators other than those mentioned above we must take into account the indications for Orange and Jazztel, but the VOD and the number of priorities will change.
For more information we will mention each of them in the following section .
What are the fiber optic VLANs in the main operators in Spain?
We will detail below what are the VLANs of the main fiber optic operators in Spain. With this information you can configure your neutral router in the way we mentioned the steps in the previous point.
They are:
Movistar
VLAN identifiers are as follows:
- Internet data: VID 6 and priority 1.
- VoIP: VID 3 and 5 priority.
- IPTV: VID 2 and with 4 priority.
Tuenti and O2 , if they correspond to the service they provide, they also share the same parameters.
Vodafone
To configure VLAN we will use:
- Data: 100 – 0; VLAN and priority respectively.
- Voice: 100 – 0, as well as data from the previous point.
- Television: 105 – 4 for VLAN and priority.
- Internet: 832 VLAN and 0 priority.
- Voice over IP: 832 – 0, respectively.
- IPTV: Same as in the previous cases, 832 – 0.
- Internet data: VLAN 1074 and 0 priority.
- VoIP: VLAN 1074 and priority 0.
- IPTV: 1074 and 0 respectively. li >
- Internet: VID 20 – Priority 0.
- Internet data: 604 VLAN and priority 1.
- Voice over IP: 630 VLAN and 7 priority.
- Data: 20 VID and 0 priority.
- Internet data: VLAN 24 and 3 priority.
ul >
Lowi , if they provide the services in their coverage, they have the same codes.
Orange
We will configure our router with this data:
Share the same identifiers with Amena .
Jazztel
We will need these identifiers to configure:
MoreMobile
The necessary data are:
Pepe Phone and Yoigo use the same numbers.
Adamo
We will use these identifiers to configure the router:
Neba
We will use these identifiers:
Digi
The numbers are: