Structured cabling: What is it, what is it for and what is its regulation?

A structured cabling is generally that laying of cables that are inside a enclosure or building and that it is installed with the aim of implementing a local area network. which is made up of a system of connectors, cables, raceways and devices.

These cables are intended to be able to send different signals capable of establishing a network connection. In addition, the installation of this wiring must comply with some requirementskeep in mind that these depend on the place of residence.

Taking all this into account, here we are going to explain a little more about what this is type of wiring and what is its main functionamong other important factors. To do this, carefully follow each of the details that We will explain below:

What is structured cabling and what is it for in computing?

The wiring structure is a cable run that is located in the inside of a building with the aim of being able to implement a network connection, where its structure contains a combination of shielded or unshielded twisted pair cables, in these cases it is the SST and UTP. Sometimes they also contain coaxial and fiber optic cables, all these cables are able to integrate data, video and voice services.

In general, the use of this type of system allows establish and create telecommunications infrastructures inside an enclosure or buildingthus offering easy installation. Among one of its main advantages we find that it is standardized, which gives you an advantage over Providers and growth in a simpler way.

This allows this system can be installed without previously knowing the product to be used, since it is found unified to the computer and communication systems of any company. It can be used for both clean area and local area networks.

According to this, the vast majority of current buildings have to go through create a wiring structure inside it, what will become part of your system network and communication. These systems that added to the infrastructure have to be created in order to cover all the needs during a period of time. time from 20 to 25 years As minimum.

What are the most important elements of a structured cabling system?

This system has some elements that are essential for its development, in this case it is the horizontal, vertical cabling and the telecommunications room. Next, we explain a little more about each of them.

horizontal wiring

In this case, he is in charge of carrying or transmit the information from the floor distributor to the network users. work low the EIA/TIA 568A standardwhere it is also known as “That portion of the wired telecommunications system that extends from the work area to the main telecommunications room.”

It is usually made up of a nucleus solid what is it made of copperthis in order to prevent that from being twist or be damaged. In addition, it is recommended that it be placed behind the walls, preventing the public from coming into contact with it.

This type of horizontal cabling includes the following elements:

• horizontal cables.
• mechanical termination.
• Horizontal interconnections that must be located within the telecommunications room.
• outlets.
• connectors in the work area.
• Transition cables and connectors installed between the work area exit and the main room.
• Panels and patch cords used to configure the cable connections in the main room.

riser wiring

It is also currently known as trunk or backbone cablingand its main function is to be able to create interconnections between the different equipment rooms, telecommunication rooms and service entrance rooms. It typically consists of riser cables, main and intermediate cross-connects, patch cords for cross-connects, or mechanical terminations.

This vertical system is responsible for carrying out what is the interconnection between the different telecommunications cabinets and the equipment room. However, this time this vertical system already not as accessible or cheap as is the structure used in the system of horizontal cabling. But, lets do facilities independently for data and telephone.

By allowing to standalone installation allows that at the moment of wanting replace the backbone this does not require a high cost of service. Therefore, its modification turns out to be easier and cheaper for the inhabitants of the building.

The backbone includes the following elements:

• backbone pipes can be so much vertical and horizontal between the different floors of the building.
• Includes a cable transmission medium.
• Have main and intermediate connection points crossed and mechanical terminations.

telecommunications room

East room is created and destined only for what it is accommodation of all elements that make up the telecommunication system. That is, in it must be found the commutatorsas well as all centralized elements that circulate through horizontal sections to the workplace.

This space must have specific characteristics on which its operation depends, as well as its duration time. Therefore, Here we show you what are the main characteristics to take into account when establishing this room:

• must have one minimum height of 2.6 metersthis being the most recommended.
• room temperature must be between 18 and 24 °Cespecially if you have active equipment there.
• has to have one humidity between 30% and 50%, In the event that this is not fulfilled, you must have a indoor humidity of 85%, but one temperature between 10 and 35°C.
• Your place of location should not mean no riskthat is, that it is not in a space that can be seen flooded before some natural event, nor that I can have any contact with water inside. In addition, it is recommended to drainage channels in your floor.
• Must have a minimum of two outlets insideone of them from 110 V and another 15 A, each must have a completely different circuit.
• These rooms should only be for treatment telecommunications systems, that is, there should be no facilities that are not related to this.

Rules for the creation of structured cabling. How should it be done in Spain?

At the time of guarantee an infrastructure or the development of a project over a wiring systemit is important that this is based under a set of rules that are established by a statutory body involved in the development of these systems.

Compliance with each of these standards and considerations will make the operation and performance of the installation is correct and can be guaranteed optimal development. Also, this will help reduce risks which may be detrimental to its operation.

Bearing this in mind, then We explain what these rules are that must be taken into account when creating one of these systems:

ANSI/TIA/EIA-568-B

Telecommunications Wiring in Commercial Buildings, TIA/EIA 568-B1 general requirements, TIA/EIA 568-B2 wiring components using a twisted pair, TIA/EIA 568-B3 fiber optic cabling component.

ANSI/TIA/EIA-569-A

Norms of routes and space of telecommunication in commercial buildings on how to route the cable.

ANSI/TIA/EIA-570-A

Rules of residential and light commercial infrastructure of telecommunications.

ANSI/TIA/EIA-606-A

standard of the infrastructure management in commercial buildings.

ANSI/TIA/EIA-607

requirement for installation of grounding system telecommunications in commercial buildings.

ANSI/TIA/EIA-758

standard of Client-Owner outside plant wiring.

What is needed to create a cable system for a LAN network?

You may find yourself interested in being able to create a cable system for what is a LAN networkin this case you can do it as long as you have knowledge about what this is system and how it works.

Once you have this clear, you can perform the steps that we will teach you below:

Gather information

In this first process you have to collect all the necessary information that you are going to use to be able to work with the network. Therefore, if it is a residential building you must take into account a database on inhabitants, apartments and other factors involved.

Planning

Once you have defined the previous point, the following will be draw up a plan that will help you decision making. In this case you must elaborate previous trials on structured cablingwhere the steps of location, design and price of all implementations and resources to use.

It is important that at the moment of acquiring the necessary equipment, a standard or model so avoid structural and functional accidents.

Negotiation

Keep in mind that when you take legal business Some parameters must be established which help avoid problems in the future. Keep in mind that these parameters are directly related to the scale in which the network is located, since if it is a small network does not require much paperwork. But, in the case of a most advanced network are needed technical certifications to guarantee its effectiveness.

Facility

Once all the above steps have been completed, proceed with the facilityas this will allow this process to be much safer and more reliable.

quality verification

Once it finishes executing structured cablingIt is important to verify its operation. This will help to know if there is any issue structural and functional. Once all this is verified, these problems should not affect the structural wiring during its operation.

The documentation

Once all of the above has been done and finally, it is important to make a detailed report of the status of the systemthis to have a base of the current operation with about possible faults that may occur in the future.

The most recommended is list each of the possible faults so later only review the document and solve them. It is important to ensure that the system is safe and reliable in order to ensure its quality.