What are the main parts of a computer and what is each one for? 2022 list

The computers are made up of several parts that work logically and ensure the automation of numerous tasks. To do this, they must have with software and hardware support; that is to say, it has to exhibit a perfect functioning of the “soft” and “hard” part, respectively.

In this sense, the hardware make reference to the “hard” part of a computer system and basically, it consists of the tangible physical segments. which are made up of electrical, electronic, electromechanical and mechanical components.

If you want to know more closely what are the parts and peripherals that make up the physical structure of a computer to operate in an ideal way, we recommend you continue reading. Here we will detail the main parts of a computer and their functions.

Most important hardware of a computer and its functions

The hard part of a computer system It is based on a set of components that they need the white part to be able to function. In this way, each of the physical parts of the computer are responsible for a set of certain functions that provide the machine with the ability to perform multiple tasks. Hence the importance of knowing which are each and every one of these most relevant hardware parts of a computerdetailing what they are for.

All this, you can find out below:

Keyboard

Also know as keyboardthe keyboard is an input device that has its own processor and several digital circuits capable of enter the information at the same time it is displayed on the screen. This consists of several keys that act as electronic switches with printed characters corresponding to written symbols.

Thus, the main function of a keyboard in the computer is provide a more comfortable, practical and faster way of entering data into it, through a keystroke. Taking into account that, it uses a stitch system that is responsible for sending the information to the team. Currently, there are several types or models of computer keyboard which are summarized in: Mechanical, membrane, ergonomic, RGB, wireless, gaming, virtual, tablet, handheld, vertical, roll-up, etc.

mouse

It is defined as an input device or pointing device that deals with translate the user’s hand movement into signals that the computer detects, recognizes and interprets to locate itself in a specific position on the screen. Therefore, it is used for interact with the operating system interface.

In terms of its operation, this piece of hardware is designed to slide on a flat surface and thus, it is captured by means of a sensor that acts as a receiver of movement information and transforms it into data to send it to the equipment. For it, It has two buttons: The right one that is used as a shortcut to menus and the left one that is used to execute actions of activating, accessing, moving, etc.

In general terms, two types of mice are handled: mechanics (they have a rubber ball that rolled in all directions and is the most obsolete) and opticians (they have a laser to detect movement and guarantee high performance).

CPU or processor

This is an electronic circuit that has the function of run all calculations on a computer. In other words, it is responsible for producing the set of instructions for computer programs. So, once you access a software, the information will be sent to the computer processor to consume useful information. That is why it is identified as the brain of the computer and its operation is divided into 4 fundamental processes to guarantee optimal data processing.

These processes are: Go, Decode, Execute and Rewrite. In the go stage, the CPU retrieves the program instructions and stores them in memory. After, during the decode stage, proceeds to interpret each instruction. Subsequently, in the run stageCarry out the operation following all the instructions. Finally, at the time of rewritingwrites the execution results back to RAM.

Motherboard

The “mother board” is the main card of the computer and is characterized by containing the sockets in which the processor is installed. So it is a piece composed of a set of chips and integrated circuits where the other parts of the equipment are connected. Consequently, the motherboard of a computer it is one of the most important hardware parts of all.

Well, in it the storage units, the processor, the RAM memory and other elements that They allow the equipment to start up and the recognition of any peripheral. In addition to connecting all the parts of a computer to simplify communication with each other, this part that functions as the backbone of the computer is responsible for gathering all the data sent by the other segments of the computer.

RAM

The “Random access memory” it is a silicon chip that temporarily stores data on your computer. Thus, it is a component that retains the information with which the user is working at a given moment. So, it stores the data and results whose use will be temporary. Therefore, it serves so that the team can execute the actions more quickly. Since, if you only use the hard drive for it, could not perform tasks immediately.

Emphasizing that this type of memory stores the instructions of the CPU or the data that the programs constantly require. In general, two types of RAM are known: DDR and SDR. In the case of the first, it is the one capable of execute two operations every clock cycle. Whereas, the SDRs only execute a read or write operation.

graphics cards

It is a component that also is distinguished as “video card” and it is a part that is integrated into the motherboard of the computer or installed additionally to expand its capabilities. So it works like an expansion card. Thus, computer graphics cards are an element dedicated to data processing related to the video and images played there.

Therefore, thanks to them, the computer can receive and process a greater amount of digital data on the screen. To reveal optimal operation, it is a piece that has its own RAM memory and a separate processing unit. This, with the aim of not affecting the general performance of other components. In this way, simplifies graphic design, video editing and gaming taskswithout the computer don’t slow down.

Power supply

Basically, it is a device that is placed in the computer cabinet to be able to transform the alternating current of the commercial electronic line into direct current. With what, it manages to feed certain electronic and electrical elements necessary for the correct operation of the equipment.

It is because of that, a power supply or power supply is made up of many wires that are connected to the most important parts of the computer (including hard drive and motherboard). Through it, it sends the exact voltage that each component needs to work uninterruptedly and without failure.

Generally, this part of the equipment is classified into: Linear sources and switching sources. The first ones are designed in a simple way, but their tension function is not the most suitable. On the other hand, switching power supplies are smaller than linear power supplies, but reveal high efficiency.

Display

The monitor, screen or display unit is defined as an output device that has the function of represent the interface of an operating system, visually. This exhibits the appearance of a conventional television and presents the information processed in the form of pixels. In this way, the monitor facilitates the interaction between the user and the machine. In addition to this, it allows the management of different tasks that are carried out through the computer.

Thus obtaining an immediate response in the form of text and images. Among the main particularities that differentiate the monitors from each otherwe highlight: Screen size, panel type, resolution, brightness, aspect ratio, response time, input connectors, refresh rate, curvature, viewing angles and synchronization technology.

reading units

Consists in a data entry and reading element that is connected to the motherboard of the computers. In other words, read units are those that analyze a storage device, either magnetically, optically or virtually. Apart from this, said units also allow you to store the files that are hosted on the hard drivevia external storage device. Being this, the secondary function of said hard part of the computer.

As for their classification in terms of storage, we have: By magnetic means which are ideal for storing a large amount of data in a small volume; by optical means that are used to store information permanently and, by virtual means which is the most modern technology with greater efficiency and is carried out with SD memory cards, SSD drives and USB flash drive.

HDD

It is a part of the computer that also identified as “hard drive” and has the function of storing all kinds of digital files or data in various formats. In other words, it saves the information that the user must handle on his computer and provides fast access to large amounts of data and programs. Therefore, the hard drive is used to store any type of information (text, multimedia, software, etc.) on the computer. for an indefinite time.

So, unlike RAM, it doesn’t matter if the computer is turned off, because also the data will remain saved in this component. For its part, this electromagnetically charged surface resembles a turntable arm that has the ability to read and write data on the disk surface. Usually allows you to store from 120, 250 and 500 GB up to 4 TB of information on desktop computers.

Best accessories to boost your computer

By be the main field of content productionbeyond its main physical components, it is recommended to enhance computers through certain accessories that help you get the most out of it.

That is why, below, we mention which are the most relevant accessories or extra elements so that your computer becomes a much more functional machine:

Earphones

They are elements that receive the sounds emitted from the computer who deals with transform sound waves into electronic signals, which are transmitted to an amplifier that increases its strength and range. In this way, it transmits sounds to the user’s ear and optimizes their computer experience.

Microphone

It refers to a audio input device that connects to computerseither to record sounds or to communicate via the Internet with other people through certain services or applications. Thus, the microphone is a transducer or a device in charge of transforming acoustic energy (such as, for example, the voice) into electrical energy.

webcam

Consists in a webcam that is classified as an input device for computers and its main function lies in take pictures or record videos which are displayed on the machine’s screen and stored in its memory. In this way, it allows you to transmit these multimedia files through the Internet by different means.

printers

Another of the peripherals that can enhance your computer, without a doubt, is the printer. As its name indicates, it is a piece of equipment used to print all files created and/or stored on the computer. So that, easily, it allows you to capture texts or images on paper (or on any printing material) to handle them physically.

Speakers

Also called “speakers”, refer to a computer audio output device that connects to the computer’s USB or audio port. In this way, it facilitates the possibility of listen to the sound of the music or video you are playing through the computer screen. Currently, many computers have built-in speakers within their monitor by default.

Video output cables

They are a type of cables whose main objective is carry an audio or video signal, or both, between two computer components. Which, at the same time, also takes care of protecting said signal from any external interference that could disturb it. Thus, they are ideal accessories to show the content of your computer from an external screen (either a projector or a TV, for example).